/* xpath.js - Revision: Spry Preview Release 1.4 */

// Copyright (c) 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
// 
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//         
//  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
//    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// 
//  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
//    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
//    documentation and/or other materials provided with the
//    distribution.
// 
//  * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors
//    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
//    software without specific prior written permission.
// 
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// An XPath parser and evaluator written in JavaScript. The
// implementation is complete except for functions handling
// namespaces.
//
// Reference: [XPATH] XPath Specification
// <http://www.w3.org/TR/1999/REC-xpath-19991116>.
//
//
// The API of the parser has several parts:
//
// 1. The parser function xpathParse() that takes a string and returns
// an expession object.
//
// 2. The expression object that has an evaluate() method to evaluate the
// XPath expression it represents. (It is actually a hierarchy of
// objects that resembles the parse tree, but an application will call
// evaluate() only on the top node of this hierarchy.)
//
// 3. The context object that is passed as an argument to the evaluate()
// method, which represents the DOM context in which the expression is
// evaluated.
//
// 4. The value object that is returned from evaluate() and represents
// values of the different types that are defined by XPath (number,
// string, boolean, and node-set), and allows to convert between them.
//
// These parts are near the top of the file, the functions and data
// that are used internally follow after them.
//
//
// TODO(mesch): add jsdoc comments. Use more coherent naming.
//
//
// Author: Steffen Meschkat <mesch@google.com>


// The entry point for the parser.
//
// @param expr a string that contains an XPath expression.
// @return an expression object that can be evaluated with an
// expression context.

function xpathParse(expr) {
  if (xpathdebug) {
    Log.write('XPath parse ' + expr);
  }
  xpathParseInit();

  var cached = xpathCacheLookup(expr);
  if (cached) {
    if (xpathdebug) {
      Log.write(' ... cached');
    }
    return cached;
  }

  // Optimize for a few common cases: simple attribute node tests
  // (@id), simple element node tests (page), variable references
  // ($address), numbers (4), multi-step path expressions where each
  // step is a plain element node test
  // (page/overlay/locations/location).
  
  if (expr.match(/^(\$|@)?\w+$/i)) {
    var ret = makeSimpleExpr(expr);
    xpathParseCache[expr] = ret;
    if (xpathdebug) {
      Log.write(' ... simple');
    }
    return ret;
  }

  if (expr.match(/^\w+(\/\w+)*$/i)) {
    var ret = makeSimpleExpr2(expr);
    xpathParseCache[expr] = ret;
    if (xpathdebug) {
      Log.write(' ... simple 2');
    }
    return ret;
  }

  var cachekey = expr; // expr is modified during parse
  if (xpathdebug) {
    Timer.start('XPath parse', cachekey);
  }

  var stack = [];
  var ahead = null;
  var previous = null;
  var done = false;

  var parse_count = 0;
  var lexer_count = 0;
  var reduce_count = 0;
  
  while (!done) {
    parse_count++;
    expr = expr.replace(/^\s*/, '');
    previous = ahead;
    ahead = null;

    var rule = null;
    var match = '';
    for (var i = 0; i < xpathTokenRules.length; ++i) {
      var result = xpathTokenRules[i].re.exec(expr);
      lexer_count++;
      if (result && result.length > 0 && result[0].length > match.length) {
        rule = xpathTokenRules[i];
        match = result[0];
        break;
      }
    }

    // Special case: allow operator keywords to be element and
    // variable names.

    // NOTE(mesch): The parser resolves conflicts by looking ahead,
    // and this is the only case where we look back to
    // disambiguate. So this is indeed something different, and
    // looking back is usually done in the lexer (via states in the
    // general case, called "start conditions" in flex(1)). Also,the
    // conflict resolution in the parser is not as robust as it could
    // be, so I'd like to keep as much off the parser as possible (all
    // these precedence values should be computed from the grammar
    // rules and possibly associativity declarations, as in bison(1),
    // and not explicitly set.

    if (rule &&
        (rule == TOK_DIV || 
         rule == TOK_MOD ||
         rule == TOK_AND || 
         rule == TOK_OR) &&
        (!previous || 
         previous.tag == TOK_AT || 
         previous.tag == TOK_DSLASH || 
         previous.tag == TOK_SLASH ||
         previous.tag == TOK_AXIS || 
         previous.tag == TOK_DOLLAR)) {
      rule = TOK_QNAME;
    }

    if (rule) {
      expr = expr.substr(match.length);
      if (xpathdebug) {
        Log.write('token: ' + match + ' -- ' + rule.label);
      }
      ahead = {
        tag: rule,
        match: match,
        prec: rule.prec ?  rule.prec : 0, // || 0 is removed by the compiler
        expr: makeTokenExpr(match)
      };

    } else {
      if (xpathdebug) {
        Log.write('DONE');
      }
      done = true;
    }

    while (xpathReduce(stack, ahead)) {
      reduce_count++;
      if (xpathdebug) {
        Log.write('stack: ' + stackToString(stack));
      }
    }
  }

  if (xpathdebug) {
    Log.write(stackToString(stack));
  }

  if (stack.length != 1) {
    throw 'XPath parse error ' + cachekey + ':\n' + stackToString(stack);
  }

  var result = stack[0].expr;
  xpathParseCache[cachekey] = result;

  if (xpathdebug) {
    Timer.end('XPath parse', cachekey);
  }

  if (xpathdebug) {
    Log.write('XPath parse: ' + parse_count + ' / ' + 
              lexer_count + ' / ' + reduce_count);
  }

  return result;
}

var xpathParseCache = {};

function xpathCacheLookup(expr) {
  return xpathParseCache[expr];
}

function xpathReduce(stack, ahead) {
  var cand = null;

  if (stack.length > 0) {
    var top = stack[stack.length-1];
    var ruleset = xpathRules[top.tag.key];

    if (ruleset) {
      for (var i = 0; i < ruleset.length; ++i) {
        var rule = ruleset[i];
        var match = xpathMatchStack(stack, rule[1]);
        if (match.length) {
          cand = {
            tag: rule[0],
            rule: rule,
            match: match
          };
          cand.prec = xpathGrammarPrecedence(cand);
          break;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  var ret;
  if (cand && (!ahead || cand.prec > ahead.prec || 
               (ahead.tag.left && cand.prec >= ahead.prec))) {
    for (var i = 0; i < cand.match.matchlength; ++i) {
      stack.pop();
    }

    if (xpathdebug) {
      Log.write('reduce ' + cand.tag.label + ' ' + cand.prec +
                ' ahead ' + (ahead ? ahead.tag.label + ' ' + ahead.prec + 
                             (ahead.tag.left ? ' left' : '')
                             : ' none '));
    }

    var matchexpr = mapExpr(cand.match, function(m) { return m.expr; });
    cand.expr = cand.rule[3].apply(null, matchexpr);

    stack.push(cand);
    ret = true;

  } else {
    if (ahead) {
      if (xpathdebug) {
        Log.write('shift ' + ahead.tag.label + ' ' + ahead.prec + 
                  (ahead.tag.left ? ' left' : '') +
                  ' over ' + (cand ? cand.tag.label + ' ' + 
                              cand.prec : ' none'));
      }
      stack.push(ahead);
    }
    ret = false;
  }
  return ret;
}

function xpathMatchStack(stack, pattern) {

  // NOTE(mesch): The stack matches for variable cardinality are
  // greedy but don't do backtracking. This would be an issue only
  // with rules of the form A* A, i.e. with an element with variable
  // cardinality followed by the same element. Since that doesn't
  // occur in the grammar at hand, all matches on the stack are
  // unambiguous.

  var S = stack.length;
  var P = pattern.length;
  var p, s;
  var match = [];
  match.matchlength = 0;
  var ds = 0;
  for (p = P - 1, s = S - 1; p >= 0 && s >= 0; --p, s -= ds) {
    ds = 0;
    var qmatch = [];
    if (pattern[p] == Q_MM) {
      p -= 1;
      match.push(qmatch);
      while (s - ds >= 0 && stack[s - ds].tag == pattern[p]) {
        qmatch.push(stack[s - ds]);
        ds += 1;
        match.matchlength += 1;
      }

    } else if (pattern[p] == Q_01) {
      p -= 1;
      match.push(qmatch);
      while (s - ds >= 0 && ds < 2 && stack[s - ds].tag == pattern[p]) {
        qmatch.push(stack[s - ds]);
        ds += 1;
        match.matchlength += 1;
      }

    } else if (pattern[p] == Q_1M) {
      p -= 1;
      match.push(qmatch);
      if (stack[s].tag == pattern[p]) {
        while (s - ds >= 0 && stack[s - ds].tag == pattern[p]) {
          qmatch.push(stack[s - ds]);
          ds += 1;
          match.matchlength += 1;
        }
      } else {
        return [];
      }

    } else if (stack[s].tag == pattern[p]) {
      match.push(stack[s]);
      ds += 1;
      match.matchlength += 1;

    } else {
      return [];
    }

    reverseInplace(qmatch);
    qmatch.expr = mapExpr(qmatch, function(m) { return m.expr; });
  }

  reverseInplace(match);

  if (p == -1) {
    return match;

  } else {
    return [];
  }
}

function xpathTokenPrecedence(tag) {
  return tag.prec || 2;
}

function xpathGrammarPrecedence(frame) {
  var ret = 0;

  if (frame.rule) { /* normal reduce */
    if (frame.rule.length >= 3 && frame.rule[2] >= 0) {
      ret = frame.rule[2];

    } else {
      for (var i = 0; i < frame.rule[1].length; ++i) {
        var p = xpathTokenPrecedence(frame.rule[1][i]);
        ret = Math.max(ret, p);
      }
    }
  } else if (frame.tag) { /* TOKEN match */
    ret = xpathTokenPrecedence(frame.tag);

  } else if (frame.length) { /* Q_ match */
    for (var j = 0; j < frame.length; ++j) {
      var p = xpathGrammarPrecedence(frame[j]);
      ret = Math.max(ret, p);
    }
  }

  return ret;
}

function stackToString(stack) {
  var ret = '';
  for (var i = 0; i < stack.length; ++i) {
    if (ret) {
      ret += '\n';
    }
    ret += stack[i].tag.label;
  }
  return ret;
}


// XPath expression evaluation context. An XPath context consists of a
// DOM node, a list of DOM nodes that contains this node, a number
// that represents the position of the single node in the list, and a
// current set of variable bindings. (See XPath spec.)
//
// The interface of the expression context:
//
//   Constructor -- gets the node, its position, the node set it
//   belongs to, and a parent context as arguments. The parent context
//   is used to implement scoping rules for variables: if a variable
//   is not found in the current context, it is looked for in the
//   parent context, recursively. Except for node, all arguments have
//   default values: default position is 0, default node set is the
//   set that contains only the node, and the default parent is null.
//
//     Notice that position starts at 0 at the outside interface;
//     inside XPath expressions this shows up as position()=1.
//
//   clone() -- creates a new context with the current context as
//   parent. If passed as argument to clone(), the new context has a
//   different node, position, or node set. What is not passed is
//   inherited from the cloned context.
//
//   setVariable(name, expr) -- binds given XPath expression to the
//   name.
//
//   getVariable(name) -- what the name says.
//
//   setNode(node, position) -- sets the context to the new node and
//   its corresponding position. Needed to implement scoping rules for
//   variables in XPath. (A variable is visible to all subsequent
//   siblings, not only to its children.)

function ExprContext(node, position, nodelist, parent) {
  this.node = node;
  this.position = position || 0;
  this.nodelist = nodelist || [ node ];
  this.variables = {};
  this.parent = parent || null;
  this.root = parent ? parent.root : node.ownerDocument;
}

ExprContext.prototype.clone = function(node, position, nodelist) {
  return new
  ExprContext(node || this.node,
              typeof position != 'undefined' ? position : this.position,
              nodelist || this.nodelist, this);
};

ExprContext.prototype.setVariable = function(name, value) {
  this.variables[name] = value;
};

ExprContext.prototype.getVariable = function(name) {
  if (typeof this.variables[name] != 'undefined') {
    return this.variables[name];

  } else if (this.parent) {
    return this.parent.getVariable(name);

  } else {
    return null;
  }
}

ExprContext.prototype.setNode = function(node, position) {
  this.node = node;
  this.position = position;
}


// XPath expression values. They are what XPath expressions evaluate
// to. Strangely, the different value types are not specified in the
// XPath syntax, but only in the semantics, so they don't show up as
// nonterminals in the grammar. Yet, some expressions are required to
// evaluate to particular types, and not every type can be coerced
// into every other type. Although the types of XPath values are
// similar to the types present in JavaScript, the type coercion rules
// are a bit peculiar, so we explicitly model XPath types instead of
// mapping them onto JavaScript types. (See XPath spec.)
//
// The four types are:
//
//   StringValue
//
//   NumberValue
//
//   BooleanValue
//
//   NodeSetValue
//
// The common interface of the value classes consists of methods that
// implement the XPath type coercion rules:
//
//   stringValue() -- returns the value as a JavaScript String,
//
//   numberValue() -- returns the value as a JavaScript Number,
//
//   booleanValue() -- returns the value as a JavaScript Boolean,
//
//   nodeSetValue() -- returns the value as a JavaScript Array of DOM
//   Node objects.
//

function StringValue(value) {
  this.value = value;
  this.type = 'string';
}

StringValue.prototype.stringValue = function() {
  return this.value;
}

StringValue.prototype.booleanValue = function() {
  return this.value.length > 0;
}

StringValue.prototype.numberValue = function() {
  return this.value - 0;
}

StringValue.prototype.nodeSetValue = function() {
  throw this + ' ' + Error().stack;
}

function BooleanValue(value) {
  this.value = value;
  this.type = 'boolean';
}

BooleanValue.prototype.stringValue = function() {
  return '' + this.value;
}

BooleanValue.prototype.booleanValue = function() {
  return this.value;
}

BooleanValue.prototype.numberValue = function() {
  return this.value ? 1 : 0;
}

BooleanValue.prototype.nodeSetValue = function() {
  throw this + ' ' + Error().stack;
}

function NumberValue(value) {
  this.value = value;
  this.type = 'number';
}

NumberValue.prototype.stringValue = function() {
  return '' + this.value;
}

NumberValue.prototype.booleanValue = function() {
  return !!this.value;
}

NumberValue.prototype.numberValue = function() {
  return this.value - 0;
}

NumberValue.prototype.nodeSetValue = function() {
  throw this + ' ' + Error().stack;
}

function NodeSetValue(value) {
  this.value = value;
  this.type = 'node-set';
}

NodeSetValue.prototype.stringValue = function() {
  if (this.value.length == 0) {
    return '';
  } else {
    return xmlValue(this.value[0]);
  }
}

NodeSetValue.prototype.booleanValue = function() {
  return this.value.length > 0;
}

NodeSetValue.prototype.numberValue = function() {
  return this.stringValue() - 0;
}

NodeSetValue.prototype.nodeSetValue = function() {
  return this.value;
};

// XPath expressions. They are used as nodes in the parse tree and
// possess an evaluate() method to compute an XPath value given an XPath
// context. Expressions are returned from the parser. Teh set of
// expression classes closely mirrors the set of non terminal symbols
// in the grammar. Every non trivial nonterminal symbol has a
// corresponding expression class.
//
// The common expression interface consists of the following methods:
//
// evaluate(context) -- evaluates the expression, returns a value.
//
// toString() -- returns the XPath text representation of the
// expression (defined in xsltdebug.js).
//
// parseTree(indent) -- returns a parse tree representation of the
// expression (defined in xsltdebug.js).

function TokenExpr(m) {
  this.value = m;
}

TokenExpr.prototype.evaluate = function() {
  return new StringValue(this.value);
};

function LocationExpr() {
  this.absolute = false;
  this.steps = [];
}

LocationExpr.prototype.appendStep = function(s) {
  this.steps.push(s);
}

LocationExpr.prototype.prependStep = function(s) {
  var steps0 = this.steps;
  this.steps = [ s ];
  for (var i = 0; i < steps0.length; ++i) {
    this.steps.push(steps0[i]);
  }
};

LocationExpr.prototype.evaluate = function(ctx) {
  var start;
  if (this.absolute) {
    start = ctx.root;

  } else {
    start = ctx.node;
  }

  var nodes = [];
  xPathStep(nodes, this.steps, 0, start, ctx);
  return new NodeSetValue(nodes);
};

function xPathStep(nodes, steps, step, input, ctx) {
  var s = steps[step];
  var ctx2 = ctx.clone(input);
  var nodelist = s.evaluate(ctx2).nodeSetValue();

  for (var i = 0; i < nodelist.length; ++i) {
    if (step == steps.length - 1) {
      nodes.push(nodelist[i]);
    } else {
      xPathStep(nodes, steps, step + 1, nodelist[i], ctx);
    }
  }
}

function StepExpr(axis, nodetest, predicate) {
  this.axis = axis;
  this.nodetest = nodetest;
  this.predicate = predicate || [];
}

StepExpr.prototype.appendPredicate = function(p) {
  this.predicate.push(p);
}

StepExpr.prototype.evaluate = function(ctx) {
  var input = ctx.node;
  var nodelist = [];

  // NOTE(mesch): When this was a switch() statement, it didn't work
  // in Safari/2.0. Not sure why though; it resulted in the JavaScript
  // console output "undefined" (without any line number or so).

  if (this.axis ==  xpathAxis.ANCESTOR_OR_SELF) {
    nodelist.push(input);
    for (var n = input.parentNode; n; n = input.parentNode) {
      nodelist.push(n);
    }

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.ANCESTOR) {
    for (var n = input.parentNode; n; n = input.parentNode) {
      nodelist.push(n);
    }

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.ATTRIBUTE) {
    copyArray(nodelist, input.attributes);

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.CHILD) {
    copyArray(nodelist, input.childNodes);

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.DESCENDANT_OR_SELF) {
    nodelist.push(input);
    xpathCollectDescendants(nodelist, input);

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.DESCENDANT) {
    xpathCollectDescendants(nodelist, input);

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.FOLLOWING) {
    for (var n = input.parentNode; n; n = n.parentNode) {
      for (var nn = n.nextSibling; nn; nn = nn.nextSibling) {
        nodelist.push(nn);
        xpathCollectDescendants(nodelist, nn);
      }
    }

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.FOLLOWING_SIBLING) {
    for (var n = input.nextSibling; n; n = input.nextSibling) {
      nodelist.push(n);
    }

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.NAMESPACE) {
    alert('not implemented: axis namespace');

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.PARENT) {
    if (input.parentNode) {
      nodelist.push(input.parentNode);
    }

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.PRECEDING) {
    for (var n = input.parentNode; n; n = n.parentNode) {
      for (var nn = n.previousSibling; nn; nn = nn.previousSibling) {
        nodelist.push(nn);
        xpathCollectDescendantsReverse(nodelist, nn);
      }
    }

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.PRECEDING_SIBLING) {
    for (var n = input.previousSibling; n; n = input.previousSibling) {
      nodelist.push(n);
    }

  } else if (this.axis == xpathAxis.SELF) {
    nodelist.push(input);

  } else {
    throw 'ERROR -- NO SUCH AXIS: ' + this.axis;
  }

  // process node test
  var nodelist0 = nodelist;
  nodelist = [];
  for (var i = 0; i < nodelist0.length; ++i) {
    var n = nodelist0[i];
    if (this.nodetest.evaluate(ctx.clone(n, i, nodelist0)).booleanValue()) {
      nodelist.push(n);
    }
  }

  // process predicates
  for (var i = 0; i < this.predicate.length; ++i) {
    var nodelist0 = nodelist;
    nodelist = [];
    for (var ii = 0; ii < nodelist0.length; ++ii) {
      var n = nodelist0[ii];
      if (this.predicate[i].evaluate(ctx.clone(n, ii, nodelist0)).booleanValue()) {
        nodelist.push(n);
      }
    }
  }

  return new NodeSetValue(nodelist);
};

function NodeTestAny() {
  this.value = new BooleanValue(true);
}

NodeTestAny.prototype.evaluate = function(ctx) {
  return this.value;
};

function NodeTestElement() {}

NodeTestElement.prototype.evaluate = function(ctx) {
  return new BooleanValue(ctx.node.nodeType == DOM_ELEMENT_NODE);
}

function NodeTestText() {}

NodeTestText.prototype.evaluate = function(ctx) {
  return new BooleanValue(ctx.node.nodeType == DOM_TEXT_NODE);
}

function NodeTestComment() {}

NodeTestComment.prototype.evaluate = function(ctx) {
  return new BooleanValue(ctx.node.nodeType == DOM_COMMENT_NODE);
}

function NodeTestPI(target) {
  this.target = target;
}

NodeTestPI.prototype.evaluate = function(ctx) {
  return new
  BooleanValue(ctx.node.nodeType == DOM_PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE &&
               (!this.target || ctx.node.nodeName == this.target));
}

function NodeTestNC(nsprefix) {
  this.regex = new RegExp("^" + nsprefix + ":");
  this.nsprefix = nsprefix;
}

NodeTestNC.prototype.evaluate = function(ctx) {
  var n = ctx.node;
  return new BooleanValue(this.regex.match(n.nodeName));
}

function NodeTestName(name) {
  this.name = name;
}

NodeTestName.prototype.evaluate = function(ctx) {
  var n = ctx.node;
  return new BooleanValue(n.nodeName == this.name);
}

function PredicateExpr(expr) {
  this.expr = expr;
}

PredicateExpr.prototype.evaluate = function(ctx) {
  var v = this.expr.evaluate(ctx);
  if (v.type == 'number') {
    // NOTE(mesch): Internally, position is represented starting with
    // 0, however in XPath position starts with 1. See functions
    // position() and last().
    return new BooleanValue(ctx.position == v.numberValue() - 1);
  } else {
    return new BooleanValue(v.booleanValue());
  }
};

function FunctionCallExpr(name) {
  this.name = name;
  this.args = [];
}

FunctionCallExpr.prototype.appendArg = function(arg) {
  this.args.push(arg);
};

FunctionCallExpr.prototype.evaluate = function(ctx) {
  var fn = '' + this.name.value;
  var f = this.xpathfunctions[fn];
  if (f) {
    return f.call(this, ctx);
  } else {
    Log.write('XPath NO SUCH FUNCTION ' + fn);
    return new BooleanValue(false);
  }
};

FunctionCallExpr.prototype.xpathfunctions = {
  'last': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 0);
    // NOTE(mesch): XPath position starts at 1.
    return new NumberValue(ctx.nodelist.length);
  },

  'position': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 0);
    // NOTE(mesch): XPath position starts at 1.
    return new NumberValue(ctx.position + 1);
  },

  'count': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1);
    var v = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx);
    return new NumberValue(v.nodeSetValue().length);
  },

  'id': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1);
    var e = this.args.evaluate(ctx);
    var ret = [];
    var ids;
    if (e.type == 'node-set') {
      ids = [];
      for (var i = 0; i < e.length; ++i) {
        var v = xmlValue(e[i]).split(/\s+/);
        for (var ii = 0; ii < v.length; ++ii) {
          ids.push(v[ii]);
        }
      }
    } else {
      ids = e.split(/\s+/);
    }
    var d = ctx.node.ownerDocument;
    for (var i = 0; i < ids.length; ++i) {
      var n = d.getElementById(ids[i]);
      if (n) {
        ret.push(n);
      }
    }
    return new NodeSetValue(ret);
  },

  'local-name': function(ctx) {
    alert('not implmented yet: XPath function local-name()');
  },

  'namespace-uri': function(ctx) {
    alert('not implmented yet: XPath function namespace-uri()');
  },

  'name': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1 || this.args.length == 0);
    var n;
    if (this.args.length == 0) {
      n = [ ctx.node ];
    } else {
      n = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).nodeSetValue();
    }

    if (n.length == 0) {
      return new StringValue('');
    } else {
      return new StringValue(n[0].nodeName);
    }
  },

  'string':  function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1 || this.args.length == 0);
    if (this.args.length == 0) {
      return new StringValue(new NodeSetValue([ ctx.node ]).stringValue());
    } else {
      return new StringValue(this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).stringValue());
    }
  },

  'concat': function(ctx) {
    var ret = '';
    for (var i = 0; i < this.args.length; ++i) {
      ret += this.args[i].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    }
    return new StringValue(ret);
  },

  'starts-with': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 2);
    var s0 = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    var s1 = this.args[1].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    return new BooleanValue(s0.indexOf(s1) == 0);
  },

  'contains': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 2);
    var s0 = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    var s1 = this.args[1].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    return new BooleanValue(s0.indexOf(s1) != -1);
  },

  'substring-before': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 2);
    var s0 = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    var s1 = this.args[1].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    var i = s0.indexOf(s1);
    var ret;
    if (i == -1) {
      ret = '';
    } else {
      ret = s0.substr(0,i);
    }
    return new StringValue(ret);
  },

  'substring-after': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 2);
    var s0 = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    var s1 = this.args[1].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    var i = s0.indexOf(s1);
    var ret;
    if (i == -1) {
      ret = '';
    } else {
      ret = s0.substr(i + s1.length);
    }
    return new StringValue(ret);
  },

  'substring': function(ctx) {
    // NOTE: XPath defines the position of the first character in a
    // string to be 1, in JavaScript this is 0 ([XPATH] Section 4.2).
    assert(this.args.length == 2 || this.args.length == 3);
    var s0 = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    var s1 = this.args[1].evaluate(ctx).numberValue();
    var ret;
    if (this.args.length == 2) {
      var i1 = Math.max(0, Math.round(s1) - 1);
      ret = s0.substr(i1);

    } else {
      var s2 = this.args[2].evaluate(ctx).numberValue();
      var i0 = Math.round(s1) - 1;
      var i1 = Math.max(0, i0);
      var i2 = Math.round(s2) - Math.max(0, -i0);
      ret = s0.substr(i1, i2);
    }
    return new StringValue(ret);
  },

  'string-length': function(ctx) {
    var s;
    if (this.args.length > 0) {
      s = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    } else {
      s = new NodeSetValue([ ctx.node ]).stringValue();
    }
    return new NumberValue(s.length);
  },

  'normalize-space': function(ctx) {
    var s;
    if (this.args.length > 0) {
      s = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    } else {
      s = new NodeSetValue([ ctx.node ]).stringValue();
    }
    s = s.replace(/^\s*/,'').replace(/\s*$/,'').replace(/\s+/g, ' ');
    return new StringValue(s);
  },

  'translate': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 3);
    var s0 = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    var s1 = this.args[1].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    var s2 = this.args[2].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();

    for (var i = 0; i < s1.length; ++i) {
      s0 = s0.replace(new RegExp(s1.charAt(i), 'g'), s2.charAt(i));
    }
    return new StringValue(s0);
  },

  'boolean': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1);
    return new BooleanValue(this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).booleanValue());
  },

  'not': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1);
    var ret = !this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).booleanValue();
    return new BooleanValue(ret);
  },

  'true': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 0);
    return new BooleanValue(true);
  },

  'false': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 0);
    return new BooleanValue(false);
  },

  'lang': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1);
    var lang = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    var xmllang;
    var n = ctx.node;
    while (n && n != n.parentNode /* just in case ... */) {
      xmllang = n.getAttribute('xml:lang');
      if (xmllang) {
        break;
      }
      n = n.parentNode;
    }
    if (!xmllang) {
      return new BooleanValue(false);
    } else {
      var re = new RegExp('^' + lang + '$', 'i');
      return new BooleanValue(xmllang.match(re) ||
                              xmllang.replace(/_.*$/,'').match(re));
    }
  },

  'number': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1 || this.args.length == 0);

    if (this.args.length == 1) {
      return new NumberValue(this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).numberValue());
    } else {
      return new NumberValue(new NodeSetValue([ ctx.node ]).numberValue());
    }
  },

  'sum': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1);
    var n = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).nodeSetValue();
    var sum = 0;
    for (var i = 0; i < n.length; ++i) {
      sum += xmlValue(n[i]) - 0;
    }
    return new NumberValue(sum);
  },

  'floor': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1);
    var num = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).numberValue();
    return new NumberValue(Math.floor(num));
  },

  'ceiling': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1);
    var num = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).numberValue();
    return new NumberValue(Math.ceil(num));
  },

  'round': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 1);
    var num = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).numberValue();
    return new NumberValue(Math.round(num));
  },

  // TODO(mesch): The following functions are custom. There is a
  // standard that defines how to add functions, which should be
  // applied here.

  'ext-join': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 2);
    var nodes = this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).nodeSetValue();
    var delim = this.args[1].evaluate(ctx).stringValue();
    var ret = '';
    for (var i = 0; i < nodes.length; ++i) {
      if (ret) {
        ret += delim;
      }
      ret += xmlValue(nodes[i]);
    }
    return new StringValue(ret);
  },

  // ext-if() evaluates and returns its second argument, if the
  // boolean value of its first argument is true, otherwise it
  // evaluates and returns its third argument.

  'ext-if': function(ctx) {
    assert(this.args.length == 3);
    if (this.args[0].evaluate(ctx).booleanValue()) {
      return this.args[1].evaluate(ctx);
    } else {
      return this.args[2].evaluate(ctx);
    }
  },

  'ext-sprint